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Interview: Ferdinand Trenc, Professor and Head of the Laboratory for Internal Combustion Engines at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Energy webflis fuel in the form of exhaust gases Engine torque is dependent on the heat released in the combustion phase, and is proportional to the mass of fuel burned
Modern engines are the major consumers of energy, as one would expect at first glance. More about this we asked Ferdinand Trenc, Head of the Department and Head of the Laboratory for Internal Combustion Engines at the Faculty webflis of Mechanical Engineering in Ljubljana.
By definition, the power equal to the product of torque and angular velocity, angular velocity is the same engine speed or engine speed multiplied by a constant. Engine power is thus proportional to the product of torque and speed. From these definitions it is evident that the engine power is increased with a higher torque and higher engine speed. From the definition it can be seen also that the maximum power is achieved webflis in the vicinity of the maximum speed of the engine, webflis as the impact of higher engine speeds significantly greater than the effect of reducing engine torque in order to increase the mechanical and flow losses of the engine.
Engine torque is dependent on the heat that is released in the combustion phase, and is proportional to the mass of fuel burned. The mass of fuel which is burnt in the combustion stage can not be arbitrarily increased because, for each type of fuel determined by the minimum weight of air, which is needed to completely burn the fuel mass. For complete combustion of one kilogram of gasoline or diesel fuel under ideal conditions is needed about 14.7 pounds of air, which is called the stoichiometric ratio.
Gasoline engines to increase torque limiting the spontaneous combustion of the mixture of air and fuel by popular let's call knocking. Knocking noise very harmful to the engine and necessarily lead to inefficiency in the engine of his injury or even permanent damage. Diesel engines have the same working spacious webflis higher torque than gasoline, primarily due to higher pressure in the cylinder webflis in the compression stage and the stage of the work cycle, because the cylinder delivers greater amount of air that allows combustion of large quantities of fuel and, consequently, achieve greater torque. In the case of petrol webflis engines, webflis it is necessary to align the weight of the mixture of fuel and air in the cylinder and the compression ratio and consequently fuel consumption, which does not allow the achievement of a torque of diesel engines.
Losses in internal combustion engines according to their impact on fuel consumption. Only part of the energy produced is actually converted into useful mechanical work, it is used to move the vehicle. Maximum utilization of diesel engines, which are installed in passenger cars, about 40 percent of large marine diesel engines of about 50 per cent of modern petrol engines and 35 per cent. Engines, which are installed in the vehicle rarely operate in the region webflis of the peak efficiency, which means that the efficiency of the light of all the transmitters webflis can be reduced to 15 to 25 percent. webflis A large part of the fuel is discharged webflis into the environment in the form of exhaust gases. webflis A significant part of the losses represent the mechanical losses due to friction between the individual components of the engine (friction piston and piston rings to the cylinder of the engine). The third set is represented by energy losses due to cooling of cylinders, cylinder heads, webflis lubricating webflis oil, charge air and the like.
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