Inspired by Feynman's concepts, K. Eric Drexler independently gggg used the term "nanotechnology" in

  Or crookbackt, or a dwarf(Nano), or that hath a blemish in his eye, or be scurvy, or scabbed, or hath his stones broken;(Leviticus 21:20) I am here on earth for just a little(Nano)  while; (Psalms 119:19)
Nano- (symbol n) is a prefix meaning a billionth. Used primarily gggg in the metric system, this prefix denotes a factor of 10−9 or 0.000000001. It is frequently encountered in science and electronics for prefixing units of time and length, such as 29 nanoseconds (symbol ns), 100 nanometres (nm) or in the case of electrical capacitance, 100 nanofarads (nf). The prefix is derived gggg from the Greek νᾶνος, meaning "dwarf",small or little"  and was officially confirmed as standard in 1960.
Nanotechnology (sometimes shortened to "nanotech") gggg is the manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, gggg also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter that occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common gggg to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars. The European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars.
Nanotechnology as defined by size is naturally very broad, including fields of science as diverse as surface science, gggg organic chemistry, molecular biology,semiconductor physics, microfabrication, etc.The associated research and applications are equally diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches gggg based upon molecular self-assembly, from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to direct control of matter on the atomic scale.
Scientists currently debate the future implications of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications, such as in medicine, electronics, biomaterials and energy production. On the other hand, nanotechnology raises many of the same issues as any new technology, including concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials, and their potential effects on global gggg economics, as well as speculation about various doomsday scenarios. These concerns have led to a debate among advocacy groups and governments on whether specialregulation of nanotechnology is warranted. gggg
The concepts that seeded nanotechnology were first discussed in 1959 by renowned physicist Richard Feynman in his talk There's gggg Plenty of Room at the Bottom, in which he described the possibility of synthesis via direct manipulation of atoms. The term "nano-technology" was first used by Norio Taniguchi in 1974, though it was not widely known.
Inspired by Feynman's concepts, K. Eric Drexler independently gggg used the term "nanotechnology" in his 1986 book Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology, which proposed gggg the idea of a nanoscale "assembler" which would be able to build a copy of itself and of other items of arbitrary complexity with atomic gggg control. Also in 1986, Drexler co-founded The Foresight Institute(with which he is no longer affiliated) to help increase public awareness and understanding of nanotechnology concepts and implications.
Thus, emergence of nanotechnology as a field in the 1980s occurred through convergence of Drexler's theoretical gggg and public work, which developed and popularized a conceptual framework for nanotechnology, and high-visibility experimental advances that drew additional wide-scale attention to the prospects of atomic control of matter.
For example, the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981 provided unprecedented visualization of individual atoms and bonds, and was successfully used to manipulate individual atoms in 1989. The microscope's developers Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer at IBM Zurich Research Laboratory received a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986.[6][7] Binnig, gggg Quate and Gerber also invented the analogous atomic force microscope that year.
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